Coronavirus Covid-19 clinical information!

Coronavirus clinical:

• COVID-19 is the disease, SARS-2-CoV is the virus. 
• Transmission
  • Respiratory and likely by fomite (contact with hard surfaces). Virus found in respiratory secretions and saliva.
  • Stool shedding also described, but uncertain what role, if any, that plays.
• Incubation period
  • Mean of 6.4 days, range 2-12. For people quarantined, 14d observation recommended to exclude infection, though 24d asymptomatic time from exposure described.
  • Viral shedding occurs following recovery, but unclear what role this plays in transmission.
  • Children and intrafamilial (family) spread appear to be a growing means of transmission.
• Cause of upper respiratory tract disease and pneumonia.
  • The most common symptoms include fever, fatigue, and dry cough.
    • Fever (83-98%)
    • Cough (46-82%, usually dry)
    • Myalgia (muscle pain) or fatigue (11-44%)
    • Shortness of breath at onset (31%)
    • Less common symptoms:
      • Pharyngitis (inflammation of the pharynx )
      • Headache
      • Productive cough
      • GI symptoms
      • Hemoptysis (coughing up of blood )
• Estimates are ~80% of infections non-severe, including asymptomatic infection likely.
  • The mortality rate is thought to be ≤2%, but precise numbers uncertain due to a lack of available serological testing.
    • The mortality rate is less than that commonly ascribed to severe community-acquired pneumonia (12-15%) but more than seasonal influenza (~0.1%).
  • Most deaths in patients with comorbidities (the simultaneous presence of two chronic diseases or conditions in a patient) and often elderly (> 60 considered a "risk factor"), although healthy younger patients also described.
• Epidemiology
  
  • China remains with most reported cases, but as of March 2020, upswing in many countries including especially S Korea, Italy, US (California, Washington state).
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